Osteochondrosis is a degenerative-dystrophic spinal disease, the basis of damage is on intervertebral discs.The development of degenerative spine disease is facilitated by long-lasting microtrawatization, excessive static and dynamic load, hereditary predisposition, advanced age.The most common localization of the lesion is cervical in the uterus and the lumbar spine.It is because of their greatest mobility and cargo.
General concept of osteochondrose
The intervertebral disc with time loses liquid and loses its shock -Aabsorbing function.Becomes less resistant to physical effort.The front of the ring located on the outskirts of the disk is gradually thinner, cracks in it.The gear core changes along the periphery in formed cracks and formsEquivalent(Local protuberance, 1 degree).Due to intensive physical activity, the protrusion can be spasmodic increase and transfer to the lumen of the rook channel.In this case they discuss the hernia disk (2 degrees).Sometimes free fragments of the nucleus can be formed -Sequests.
In the initial stages of the disease, the pain can be explained by excessing the fibrous ring and the irritation of the rear longitudinal ligament.The pain can be locally locally locally locally in the back or neck, as well as in remote areas.With cervical osteochondrose, pain can be reflected in the back of the head, blades and interspaces, shoulder carrier and hand.
The pain is accompanied by reflex graph of segment muscles.This phenomenon has a protective nature and stabilizes the defined part of the spinal column.Over time, muscle contraction becomes an independent source of pain.When moving towards the intervertebral opening, hernia is compressed by neighboring nerve roots.Work pain has a shooting, pervading the sign, clearly localized during nerve innervation.It is completely appropriate neurological manifestations:
- Reduction of sensitivity;
- Reflex failure;
- Muscle weakness.
Degeneration disk violates the normal anatomical ratio between the components of the spinal column: disks, vertebrae, joints and ligaments.The gradual reduction in the height of the intervertebral disk leads to changes in articulated connections and formation of sub -locution and dislocation of vertebrae.This fact indicates the instability of the spinal column and reduces the resistance to injuries, which can lead to the deterioration of osteochondrose.
For years, the stability of the spine is returned due to the formation of osteophytes, hypertrophy of art processes, discs of discs, thickening of articulated ligaments and capsules.The final phase of the pathological process is called spondylosis.Pain to this time.
Main symptoms of cervical osteochondrose
At the level of cervical segments, nerve roots and their arteries, the spinal cord and its floors and spinal arteries can be exposed to compression.Spinal cord compression is possible due to the back intervective hernia or back osteophytes.People with a narrow vertebral canal are especially predisposed to it.With hernic, the signal signs of cervical osteochondrone are developing quite fast, and the symptoms of the cerebrospinal current block are softer.
It is very difficult to click to compression of spinal cord with tumor and kilos.Osteochondroose of cervix is manifested by spastic leg pareh, the disorders of the conductivity of sensitivity, pain and weaknesses in their hands.In some cases, the compression marks combine with the signs of the ischemia of the substance of the spinal cord that were resulting from the compression of the spinal artery and radio culinary vessels.
The symptoms of the damage to the front horns and ventral wards can be suddenly developed with the inclusion of pyramidal roads (blood supply to the front spinal artery).Anteornior Synan Syndrome Comes: Slow steam arm, spastic leg pare, damaged sphincter function.Sometimes the symptoms of gross violation of deep sensitivity in their hands are developed.After 2-3 weeks, the signs of the spinal shock are beginning to regress.In terms of the scope of pathological focus, we can say about the severity of the backpack.
Cerrvikal Mileopathy
Mineopathy is chronic ischemization for cervical osteochondrose.A large role in the development of this syndrome is played by compression of blood vessels.The most widespread is the defeat of ventral parts of the side pillars and front horns.This manifests the sparksxic polyphic steam, the spasticity of the leg pareh, violating the deep sensitivity of the leg (classic Triad).
In a large number of patients, LERMITTAINI symptoms appears: the feeling of passing electric discharge along the entire spine with irradiating pain in the hands and legs when title.It is possible to develop a side amitrophic sclerosis in which there is no symptom of bulb.
An important role in confirming MINALOPATIJA Igra MRI and CT, which reveal compression shells with osteophytes and a thickened yellow crowd.
Signs from compression of radicular compression
Since the fundamental disks faster, spondylarthrosis is developed in appropriate segments.Osteofiti is narrowing to intervertebral holes and shake roots (at the lumbar level more frequent disk kilo compression in the epidural area).When moving the growth head, the spine was injured, which causes edema creation, which further narrows the intervertebral hole.Develop reactive inflammatory reactions.
Clinical events:
- C3 -kreshok (under 2 cervical vertebrae, occurs quite rarely) - pain in the appropriate half of the door, a sense of swelling of the tongue, feeling in the throat;
- C4 -KOHESHOK - Pain in the appropriate shoulder, clavicle, tone of the door muscles (Irritation 3 and 4 cervical roots increases the tone of the diaphragm, which leads to the liver and appearance of angina pain);
- C5 -Decor - neck pain and the outer surface of shoulders, hypotrophy of the deltoid muscle;
- C6 -KOHESHOK (one of the most common localization) - neck pain, knives, shoulders, the radial area of the forearm spread to 1 finger, viapezzes, biceps weakness than two main muscles;
- C7-KORESHOK-POLE spreads to 2-3 fingers, with parestses, a weakness of a triple muscle;
- C8 -KOHESHOK - The pain extends to the area of the elbow of the forearm to 5. the finger with the paresis.
Cervical reflex syndromes
Vertebral syndrome is manifested by acute cervical pain (bastard, cervix), rarer chronic or subacute pain.The main sources of syndrome pain are fibrous rings, rear longitudinal ligamental, articulated capsules, tense muscles.Krivosheya was not sentenced as the curvature of the spine at the lumbar level.
Pain pain, radiates to the back of the head.Reinforce when driving or extended stay in one position.In palpation, the painfulness of persecution and the capsule of the joints on the battlefield (side of the 3-4 cm door surface is side of spicy processes).Involvement in the process not only the back, but also the front muscles of the spine (the front staircase, etc.) it is characteristic.
Front Staircase syndrome
The tension of the staircase muscles very often occurs with cervical osteochondrose.The muscle is determined by the side of the muscle in the form of a sternum in the form of stressful grade, thick and increased size compared to the healthy side.Due to the voltage, the supravichical vessel compression is compressed, which is accompanied by pain and swelling in hand, weakened sensitivity and motorcycle activity (along the elbow).The pain is enhanced in a horizontal position.
Muscle's small breast syndrome
The development mechanism is similar to the previous one.Compression of the vascular frozen beam is happening between the muscles and shoulder bones (or steps) in the conditions of increased abduction of the hand.Follow in pain in chest, shoulders, hand.
Existing features are often considered pain in the heart with VSD (there are no acute attacks, the effect of nitroglycerin or sedatives is not, increasing symptoms during movement and palpation points).
Rear sympathetic syndrome
Reluctant, vasomotor disorders that occur as a result of irritation of the sympathetic plexus vertebrate arteries are characteristic.Branches of plexus are located in the tissues of the brain and skull.Clinically manifests dizziness, ringing in ears, spectacular disorders, anxiety.
Compression of the Ruminary Arters with Osteophytes that are removed from the joint column, combined with atherosclerotic damage to these vessels, is an important pathogenetic factor in the development of the brain artery and spinal cord.
Conclusion
In most cases, the pain in the hands and neck is associated with cervical osteochondrose.In some patients, pain causes a hernia of the intervertebral disk, in others - osteophytes and spinal joint arthritis.Each of these options can lead to local or reflected pain, radicular syndrome and minolopathy.When examining patients with pain in the neck, such pathologies need to be excluded as:
- Spine tumors;
- Epidural abscess;
- spondylitis;
- Subarahnoid bleeding;
- meningitis;
- Absoss with halls;
- Carotid artery stratification;
- Fracture of cervical vertebrae.